This study aims at investigating the challenges of being a double minority and the impact of societal expectations on their sense of self in Gene Luen Yang's graphic novel, "American Born Chinese," exploring the themes of identity, racism, and discrimination prevalent within the narrative. Distinguishing novels from graphic novels, the study emphasizes the unique storytelling method of graphic novels, utilizing pictures with dialogue bubbles to convey complex and specific stories. The discussion centers on the novel's three interconnected stories featuring a monkey deity, Jin Wang, a Chinese boy facing bullying, and an American authentically Chinese individual named Jin Wang, addresses the issue of racism, particularly focusing on the superiority of white society and the stereotypes associated with the Chinese in American society, the Post-colonialism theory by Robert J. C. Young (2001) was used in the analysis. As a result: 1) Racism as the Central Theme: The racism is the central and overarching theme of the graphic novel. It explores how the narrative effectively portrays instances of racial discrimination and stereotypes, particularly focusing on the superiority of white supremacy and the negative perceptions associated with the Chinese in American society. 2) Impact on Identity: it shows the profound impact of racism on identity, emphasizing the challenges faced by the characters, especially Jin Wang, as a double minority; the struggles of being an American-born Chinese with a different belief system (Confucianism) and 3) It eventually shows the character’s identity reconstruction rather than a manifestation of identity crisis. The narrative encourages readers to reflect on the negative impact of racism, discrimination, and the importance of embracing one's true identity. Ultimately, the analysis serves as both an educational tool and a critique of societal issues, promoting empathy and understanding in the face of adversity.

This study aims at showing the biases of two contrast movies, ‘The Fighter Pilot’ on the Japanese side and ‘Saving Private Ryan’ on the American side in the context of New Historicism. Having the two movies analyzed, the New Historicism theory by Stephen Greenblatt (2011) was used to reveal the motives of both works. Two contextual aspects of the narratives were contrasted, ‘Idealized Image" vs. Realism’. Hence, the cinematography aspects of both movies were also analyzed to reveal the emotional impacts and the motives of the characters. As a result: 1) Emphasizing the themes of sacrifice, friendship, and loyalty, "The Fighter Pilot" presents an idealized image of Japanese fighter pilots during WWII, romanticizing their heroism, sacrifices, and positive qualities. 2) The portrayal of the American soldiers in the ‘Saving Private Ryan’ shows an idealized image of virtuous, patriotic, and brave individuals dedicated to duty, peacekeeping, and sacrifice for the greater good, using cinematic techniques to enhance heroism, while depicting the chaos and horrors of war, including the emotional toll on soldiers and moral dilemmas in the same era. 3) Both movies avoid depicting unpleasant scenes of WWII, contributing to a one-sided perspective that compromises the historical accuracy by selectively portraying narratives to fit a particular motive. Thus, historical movies can be a tool for shaping one’s perspective on historical events either to remember or to forget certain occurrences.

This study aims to show how power operates through knowledge and control, which plays out in the movie "Black Panther: Wakanda Forever (2022)," for its precious source, vibranium. Employing the analytical framework by Foucault's theory of Power: Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison (1977). The analysis unveils a perspective towards ‘isolation vs global responsibility’ exploring deeply into the details of the movie. The visual effects and the cameraworks of the cinematography and the selected utterances were also conveyed along with the analysis of the movie. As a result: 1) The movie depicts Wakanda's view of vibranium as a global responsibility, aligning with Foucault's idea of power permeating the entire social body. 2) Wakanda's efforts to protect vibranium triggers the exercise of sovereign power, reflecting the centralized control over valuable resources. 3) The tension between ‘isolation’ and ‘global responsibility’, with Queen Ramonda resulting in refusal to trade vibranium due to its dangers and ethical concerns about sharing advanced technology for power abuse. The power dynamics in Wakanda help shape the identity and decision-making. The analysis of the issue of power dynamics of isolation, global responsibility in the movie leads to the insight and understanding about the ethics of sharing technology that provide rich material for a better good.

This study aims at unveiling the power issue found in the movie, “Spider-Man: Across The Spider-Verse,” a multi-layered story and profound symbolism. This study analyzed the movie’s thematic effects using a variety of literary theories and cinematic analysis. Furthermore, the study investigated how the film's nuanced use of images and visual themes enhanced the overall story and elicits emotional resonance in the spectator. Having the movie analyzed, the theory of Power, Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison by Mitchel Foucault (1977), was used to criticize the power dynamic issue in the movie. As a result, 1) Leadership Conflict and Sovereign Power: The clash between Miles and Miguel highlights a conflict in ideals within the spider society. Miguel, as a leader, exerts sovereign power to control events, showcasing the dynamic of leadership struggles. 2) Resistance Against Anomaly and Exclusion: The designation of Miles as an "anomaly" reveals the resistance within the spider-society against individuals who deviate from established norms. The effort to exclude anomalies reflects a form of resistance against those perceived as outliers. 3) Power Relations in Identity Discourses: The discourses shaping Miles' identity, such as the "spider-society discourse" and "family discourse," contributes to shaping the dynamic power relations; Miles' resistance to these discourses illustrates a struggle for individual recognition and acceptance. This analysis underlines the movie’s broader societal relevance and potential impact by studying the socio-cultural milieu in which it was produced.

The objective of this research is to investigate the relationship between taxpayers' awareness, taxpayers' knowledge, and tax compliance. Additionally, it aims to examine the impact of tax penalties on tax compliance. This study was conducted at the Petra Alpha Education Foundation across all levels, from Kindergarten (KB) to Senior High School (SMA). Each unit has teachers and school staff with varying perspectives on taxation in Indonesia. The research methodology employed in this study is quantitative, involving in-depth analysis of factual data by using Attribution theory by Fritz Heider (1958). The techniques used for this research include descriptive statistical analysis, and the tool utilized is multiple linear regression. Based on the test results, 1) it was found that there is a significant influence of taxpayers' awareness and taxpayers' knowledge on tax compliance. 2) It is shown that higher levels of taxpayers' awareness and knowledge led to increased tax compliance, and conversely, higher tax compliance results in greater taxpayers' awareness and knowledge. 3) However, there is no significant impact of tax penalties on tax compliance. In other words, as tax penalties increase, tax compliance tends to decrease, and vice versa. The dissemination of tax penalty information to the public or taxpayers is an effective means to enhance tax compliance.

This study aims to show a comparison of the effects of consuming isotonic drinks and water after exercising. Many believe that isotonic drinks will help restore stamina and strength when exercising. It is for this reason that athletes consume it, and many recommend it. However, this study will find out and prove whether this hypothesis is true for all groups, especially teenagers. To prove it, several students from Makarios Christian School, samples of students of grade 10 to 12 were taken, while doing exercise with the same intensity. The data were taken by using the theory of Blood Glucose Testing by Brown, et. al. (2019) and Sandercock and Brodie, (2006) as the secondary theory of heart rate variability to assess the effect of isotonic drink and pH on metabolism and autonomic control during exercise. The categories that drank water and isotonic drinks were separated and the data was collected. As a result: 1) This study showed the effects of drinks consumed on the body's metabolism, especially pulse rate, blood sugar and blood pressure. 2) It was found that consuming isotonic drinks will provide electrolytes so that those excreted through sweat can be returned back, so that the body does not lack electrolytes or ions.On the other hand, even though water does not contain electrolytes, this also means there are no carbohydrates or sugar. 3) The pH level of water was also neutral, so the body was helped to return its level back to neutral, whereas isotonic drinks had a pH with an acidic level. This study serves as a valuable resource for athletes, health enthusiasts, and educators, providing evidence-based insights into the nuanced effects of isotonic drinks and water on the body post-exercise, particularly among the adolescent demographic.

This study aims at demonstrating how prolonged exposure to media, particularly in cigarette ads, can shape individuals' beliefs, attitudes, and values. The cultivation theory by Gerbner, G. (1998) was applied in the analysis to show the mentioned issues. Besides, the study also investigated the role of cinematography, specifically cameraworks, and employed a semiotic approach to explore signs and symbols in the ads. Ferdinand de Saussure's (1916) "signifier" and "signified" framework was used to illustrate how visual elements construct narratives, shedding light on how cigarette ads subtly influence perceptions of smoking and its lifestyle implications. Based on the analysis, it can be concluded that: 1) It is revealed that extensive exposure to media, including cigarette ads, distorts perceptions of smoking's prevalence and harm, potentially influencing initiation or continuation of smoking behaviors. 2) Cinematography, analyzed through semiotics, unveils how visual elements in cigarette ads construct intricate narratives. The interplay of "signifier" and "signified," rooted in Saussure's framework, showcases how camera techniques convey nuanced implicit and explicit meanings. 3) Cigarette ads employ a dual-layered approach, blending explicit messages of courage with implicit motives of empowerment. Regular media consumers are more inclined to perceive these messages as reflective of reality. The examination illustrates the interrelated aspects of cinematography, and semiotics, discussed by using cultivation theory in molding the complex issues of cigarette advertisements. The interaction among these components impacts how viewers perceive, shape stories, and nurture distinct convictions and viewpoints.

This journal article offers an ecocritical analysis of the film "Rise of the Planet of the Apes" through the lens of Hiltner's "Ecocriticism" (2014). Employing a qualitative methodology, the study examines the movie's portrayal of human-animal relationships and environmental ethics. Additionally, the article delves into the cinematography of the film, focusing on the use of camera techniques to convey environmental and ethical themes. As the result: 1) The interconnectedness among humans, apes and environment portrays ethical concerns regarding the separation of apes with their habitat for medical experiment. 2) The human-animal relationships depicted shows that the apes' yearning for freedom and acceptance creates ethical implications: being seen as part of a family and as a mere experimental subject. 3) The disruption of ecosystems by human actions, particularly the apes' habitat, exploitation and abuses has made severe disruption both the humans and the apes, caused by the injustice experienced by the apes. This aligns with the film's broader portrayal, highlighting the interconnectedness between human exploitation, environmental disruption, and the need for ethical considerations.

This study aims to show Neocolonialism in the movie "Black Panther: Wakanda Forever," employing the analytical framework of Marxism by Karl Marx and complemented by Foucault's theory of Power. The analysis unveils the disapproval of neocolonialism from Karl Marx's perspective through an in-depth exploration of the movie. The visual composition of the cinematography is conveyed along with the analysis of the movie. Embracing the Marxist approach, this study investigates the neocolonialism caused by external powers’ interest in the movie that has divided people even between social classes: Underwater Kingdom vs Wakanda. Three primary outcomes of neocolonialism emerge: 1) Resource Exploitation and Expansion (Namor): Namor, as the king of Sea peoples, represents the pursuit of expanding a powerful and resource-rich kingdom's interests. His actions could mirror neocolonial tendencies by seeking to control and exploit resources beyond his own nation's borders by any means: coercive, persuasive, or by force, mirroring neocolonizers. 2) Technological Protection and Resistance (Shuri): Shuri embodies the spirit of resistance against neocolonialism through her efforts to safeguard Wakanda's advanced technology. Her actions reflect a determination to prevent the appropriation of Wakanda's innovations by external forces, thereby preserving the nation's sovereignty and preventing technological exploitation. 3) Liberation and Ideological Influence (Erik Killmonger): While not physically present, Killmonger's legacy influences the resistance perspective. His radical ideals of liberating oppressed communities using Wakanda's resources align with resistance's goals, highlighting the potential outcome of neocolonialism where powerful nations may manipulate resources to advance their ideological interests.

This abstract explores the dynamics of power, oppression, and resistance within the context of colonialism and postcolonialism, drawing on Robert J.C. Young's theoretical framework (2005). Analyzing the movie's portrayal of humans' control over apes, the hierarchical relationship between colonizers and colonized becomes evident. The belief in human supremacy over apes is contextualized within discussions of colonial ideologies and racial hierarchies, reflecting a colonial mindset rooted in notions of superiority. The apes' revolt against human captors mirrors historical resistance movements against exploitation and mistreatment. As a result: 1) The apes have been the subjects of experiments and exploited by the men; men keep forcing the apes to cooperate in experiments (Exploitation and Resistance). 2) The apes often get extreme abuse for the sake of the human race (Power Dynamics and Oppression). 3) The men’s superiority towards the apes creates resistance to fight back humans (Colonial Supremacy and Racial Hierarchies). It highlights the apes' vulnerability to human dominance, their determination to resist, and the potential for collective strength. The contrasting loyalty of apes and humans is underscored, shedding light on the dynamics of power and unity in the face of oppression. As Young's definition of colonialism comes to life, the complex interplay between dominance, resistance, and shared fears emerges, providing a thought-provoking perspective on the movie's themes.