Geología III

In this article, fundamental aspects of geology and soil science will be studied through the development of a practical workshop aimed at applying the knowledge acquired in the course. This exercise seeks to have students consult, analyze, and integrate information from various reliable sources, thereby strengthening their research skills and understanding of the geological and edaphological environment of the Colombian territory. The content of the work is structured into five sections. First, the main rock dating methods will be addressed, which are essential for establishing the relative and absolute age of geological formations. Second, a mind map of the Geoportal of the Colombian Geological Service (SGC) will be presented, summarizing the key information offered by this institutional platform. Subsequently, the characteristics and distribution of two important soil types in Colombia—Andisols and Inceptisols—will be described, detailing their physical and chemical properties, as well as the regions of the country where they are predominantly found. Finally, a conceptual scheme based on the CORINE Land Cover methodology adapted for Colombia will be developed, showing the relationships among different land cover types present in the national territory. This academic exercise aims to reinforce critical analysis, the use of cartographic tools, and an integral understanding of the physical environment, which is essential for training in disciplines such as geology, civil engineering, and territorial planning.