This article addresses the concept of hope from a comprehensive theological perspective, starting from the phrase that defines it as the certainty that something has meaning, regardless of the outcome. In a contemporary context marked by nihilism, hopelessness, and uncertainty, the problem of how to recover a vision of hope that transcends temporal circumstances and provides meaning to human existence is posed.The main objective of the article is to connect theological reflection with human experience, showing how Christian hope can guide life even in the midst of suffering and uncertainty, by grounding itself in God's sovereignty and eternal purpose.The methodology used includes an exegetical, hermeneutical, ontological, epistemological, and eschatological analysis, which allows for a deep and multidimensional understanding of the concept of hope. Among the most relevant results, it is highlighted that hope is not naive optimism, but a transformative certainty that gives meaning to life and strengthens resilience in the face of adversity.In conclusion, Christian hope emerges as a transcendent and practical force that inspires action, commitment, and trust, offering a significant alternative to the existential crises of our time.

This article examines the conception of God proposed by the philosopher Baruch Spinoza (1632–1677) and offers a theological and biblical analysis of his thought. Spinoza, known as one of the foremost exponents of philosophical pantheism, develops a radically different view from the traditional Judeo-Christian God. For Spinoza, God is equivalent to nature (Deus sive Natura), meaning that God is not a personal being distinct from creation but is immanent in all that exists. This article evaluates Spinoza’s main ideas about God and contrasts them with Christian theological teachings, which emphasize God’s transcendence and personhood. Furthermore, it reviews the biblical foundations of the doctrine of God, focusing on core doctrines—creation, providence, and redemption—which differ substantially from Spinoza’s view.

In Christian theology, the will of God is understood in three aspects: decretive, prescriptive, and permissive. The decretive will is God’s sovereign and unchangeable plan that governs all that occurs. The prescriptive will reflects the moral commandments God reveals in Scripture—commands that human beings may either obey or disobey. The permissive will allows evil and suffering to occur, yet never outside divine control. Christians seek to discern and follow God’s will through prayer, biblical study, and a life of obedience to His perfect plan.

In many cultures, turning 40 is often associated with a loss of value, the beginning of physical or emotional decline, and an inevitable resignation to the passage of time. This article addresses that cultural perception from a biblical-theological perspective, challenging the myths that reduce the second half of life to a purposeless crisis. Instead, it presents an approach centered on God's sovereignty over every stage of existence. The goal is to break those stereotypes, showing that life after 40 brings renewed opportunities for service, wisdom, and spiritual growth. Believers are exhorted to rediscover their gifts, reevaluate their calling, and embrace an eternal perspective on life. The methodology used includes exegetical, hermeneutical, and pastoral analysis of key biblical texts, along with a theological review of time, maturity, and Christian hope. As a result, the article identifies principles that affirm the spiritual value of this stage of life, promoting an attitude of hope, purpose, and renewal. The most relevant conclusion is that, in Christ, the second half of life is not a closing chapter but a platform for bearing deeper fruit and joyfully looking toward eternity.

Fellowship constitutes a foundational pillar in Christian communal life, with deep biblical roots that go beyond the merely social to become an expression of brotherly love and solidarity. This article seeks to explore the concept of compañerismo as presented in Scripture from the Old to the New Testament and to propose its application in contemporary pastoral psychology. Through a qualitative analysis of biblical texts and theological-pastoral reflections, the study examines paradigmatic examples of mutual support, loyalty, and spiritual care. The findings show that biblical compañerismo fosters resilience, community cohesion, and spiritual growth, offering an ethical-relational model applicable today. The most significant conclusion is that compañerismo, understood as an active practice grounded in biblical principles, strengthens both Christian identity and the emotional well-being of faith communities.

Despair is a recurring human experience in the Bible, often linked to suffering, injustice, and the apparent absence of God. Rather than being denied, it is portrayed as an integral part of biblical faith. This article explores despair through an eschatological lens, revealing its interplay with hope in the coming Kingdom of God. Using a theological-exegetical analysis of key Old and New Testament texts—including Job, the Psalms, Ecclesiastes, Lamentations, the Gospels, Pauline epistles, and Revelation—the study examines how existential crisis coexists with trust in divine faithfulness. Findings show that despair is not an endpoint but a space for honest confrontation with God, ultimately pointing toward future redemption. The most significant conclusion is that, across both Testaments, despair is eschatologically transformed: fully acknowledged yet transcended through the promise of justice, restoration, and new creation in Christ.

Human perception of reality is influenced by the attitude with which one faces life. The phrase "The sun burns with the same light with which it illuminates. The sun has spots. The grateful see the light. The ungrateful see the spots." reflects how gratitude or ingratitude determine the way people interpret their environment. This article aims to analyze this expression from an exegetical, hermeneutical, ontological, epistemological, eschatological, and psychological approach, relating it to biblical principles. A qualitative approach was used based on textual analysis and comparison with Scripture and psychological studies on perception and gratitude. The results show that gratitude fosters a hopeful view of life, while ingratitude limits the perception of good. It is concluded that the choice to focus on the light or on the spots determines a person's spiritual and emotional well-being, aligning with biblical teachings on faith and gratitude.

This study explores the theological perspectives of Karl Barth, Paul Tillich, and Dietrich Bonhoeffer, focusing on their conceptions of God, revelation, ethics, and the relationship between reason and faith, through a hermeneutical and contextual lens. In contrast to these Protestant theologians, Baruch Spinoza rejects both transcendence and special revelation, advocating instead for a rational theology grounded in reason and pantheism (Deus sive Natura). While Barth, Tillich, and Bonhoeffer offer critical reinterpretations of traditional dogma, they retain nuanced notions of transcendence and divine revelation. The analysis reveals significant points of convergence, particularly in their shared critique of institutionalized religion and their emphasis on ethical responsibility. However, fundamental divergences remain regarding the nature of the sacred. Employing a qualitative, documentary methodology with comparative and hermeneutical analysis, the study concludes that a dialogue between Spinozism and Protestant theology is not only possible but also intellectually fruitful—especially for reimagining forms of spirituality in secularized and pluralistic contexts.

The present academic monograph critically explores the construction of teacher personal branding as an intentional and ethically grounded pedagogical phenomenon, analyzing its implications for student learning, motivation, and trust. From an integrative perspective that articulates the historical-cultural framework of developmental teaching (Vygotsky, 1978; Davydov, 1990) with contemporary constructs of teacher professional identity and authentic pedagogical presence, it is argued that personal branding—when grounded in ethical coherence, disciplinary competence, and relational commitment—can function as a socio affective scaffold for students’ holistic development. Through a systematic documentary review of academic sources published between 2010 and 2025, the study identifies mechanisms by which teacher authenticity, consistency, and reflective visibility influence students’ motivational self-regulation, the development of epistemic agency, and interpersonal trust in the classroom. The monograph concludes with recommendations for initial and continuing teacher education, emphasizing that teacher personal branding is not a market-driven strategy, but an ethical and pedagogical manifestation of professional identity.

This is a research proposal that aims to investigate the impact of leadership styles on employee behavior such as: motivation, job satisfaction and burnout in Abu Dhabi hospitals, while looking at the mediating role of conflict management, among Emiratis and Expats. A cross-sectional mixed methods approach will be utilized to achieve the desired results. A survey and questionnaire will be distributed among 5 randomly selected hospitals in the Abu Dhabi, while 5 random departmental leaders will then be contacted for a semi-structured interview. The completion of this paper is expected to take 12-13 weeks. The limitations of adopting a cross-sectional study design are the absenteeism of a before and after data exposure, running the risk of same-source bias, and susceptibility to social desirability bias.